Background of the Study
Workers' rights are fundamental to economic justice, social welfare, and human dignity, forming a crucial component of labor laws and constitutional protections (Adebayo & Yakubu, 2024). Constitutional law provides the legal foundation for fair wages, non-discrimination, safe working conditions, and collective bargaining (Usman & Ibrahim, 2024). In Nigeria, the 1999 Constitution (as amended) guarantees workers' rights, trade union activities, and protection from unfair labor practices (Olawale & Ahmed, 2023). However, in practice, many workers, particularly in informal sectors, face violations such as exploitation, unsafe work conditions, unpaid wages, and lack of job security (Abdullahi & Musa, 2024).
In Birnin Kebbi Local Government Area, Kebbi State, workers in agriculture, trade, and public services often experience violations of their labor rights, job insecurity, and lack of social protections (Bello & Yusuf, 2024). Weak enforcement mechanisms, legal loopholes, and bureaucratic inefficiencies have contributed to the exploitation of workers, wage disparities, and inadequate labor protection policies (Adamu & Bello, 2024). This study examines the effectiveness of constitutional law in safeguarding workers' rights and identifies policy gaps and enforcement challenges in Birnin Kebbi LGA.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
Despite constitutional protections for workers' rights, enforcement remains weak and inconsistent, leading to widespread labor abuses and economic inequalities (Adebayo & Yakubu, 2024). Workers in Birnin Kebbi LGA face challenges such as wage theft, workplace discrimination, and lack of social security protections, reflecting gaps in legal implementation and regulatory oversight (Abdullahi & Musa, 2024). This study investigates how constitutional law is enforced to protect workers' rights and identifies barriers to effective labor protection in Birnin Kebbi LGA.
1.3 Objectives of the Study
To analyze the role of constitutional law in protecting workers' rights in Birnin Kebbi LGA.
To examine challenges affecting the enforcement of labor laws in Birnin Kebbi LGA.
To propose legal and policy measures to strengthen workers' rights enforcement.
1.4 Research Questions
How does constitutional law affect the protection of workers' rights in Birnin Kebbi LGA?
What are the major enforcement challenges affecting workers’ rights?
What legal and policy recommendations can enhance labor rights enforcement?
1.5 Research Hypotheses
H₀: Constitutional law has no significant impact on workers' rights enforcement in Birnin Kebbi LGA.
H₁: Weak labor law enforcement contributes to workers' rights violations.
H₂: Strengthening labor law enforcement will improve workers' welfare and protections.
1.6 Significance of the Study
This study is important for labor unions, policymakers, and human rights organizations, providing insights into constitutional enforcement mechanisms and strategies for improving labor rights protection. It will contribute to policy debates, legal reforms, and labor law advocacy in Nigeria.
1.7 Scope and Limitations of the Study
The study is limited to Birnin Kebbi Local Government Area, Kebbi State, focusing on constitutional labor rights provisions, enforcement mechanisms, and policy effectiveness.
1.8 Operational Definition of Terms
Workers' Rights: Legal entitlements that protect employees from exploitation, discrimination, and unfair labor practices.
Labor Law Enforcement: The implementation of regulations that protect workers' rights.
Trade Union: An organization representing workers’ interests in negotiations with employers.
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